Passing the separator after the array is no longer supported

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -3,10 +3,92 @@
 All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 This project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org/).
 
-**View all [Unreleased][] changes here**
+## [1.2.2][]
+#### Changed
+-   Minor improvement to logic in `AbstractInputHandler::validateInput()`. Ensures that an input with a validator, but with a default value and no user suplied input, will have the default value used.
+
+## [1.2.1][]
+#### Changed
+-   Updated `InputHandlerFactory` and `InputTypeFactory` to work with changes in `pointybeard/helpers-foundation-factory` 1.0.2
+
+## [1.2.0][]
+#### Added
+-   Added `InputTypeFilterIterator` class
+-   Added `UnrecognisedInputException` exception
+
+#### Changed
+-   `InputCollection` now implements `Iterator` and `Countable` (implementing required methods)
+-   Removed use of `$type` in `InputCollection`
+-   Added `InputCollection::getItemsExcludeByType()`
+-   `InputCollection::getItemsByType()` and `InputCollection::getItems()` now returns an `Iterator`
+-   Renamed `InputCollection::append()` to `add()` and added `$position` flag
+-   Added `POSITION_APPEND` and `POSITION_PREPEND` flags to `InputCollection`
+-   Made `getCollection()`, `getInput()`, `find()`, and `validate()` in `AbstractInputHandler` final
+-   Removed all categorisation of items by type in `AbstractInputHandler::$input`
+-   Abstracted most of `AbstractInputHandler::validate()` into it's own protected method called `validateInput()`
+-   Removed `$skipValidation` argument from `AbstractInputHandler::bind()` and relaced with `$flags`
+-   Added `FLAG_BIND_SKIP_VALIDATION`, `FLAG_VALIDATION_SKIP_REQUIRED`, `FLAG_VALIDATION_SKIP_CUSTOM`, and `FLAG_VALIDATION_SKIP_UNRECOGNISED` flags to `AbstractInputHandler`
+-   Added check in `AbstractInputHandler::validate()` to look for unrecognised options and arguments
+-   Removed `InputHandlerFactory::FLAG_SKIP_VALIDATION` from `InputHandlerFactory`
+-   Passing flags in call from `InputHandlerFactory::build()` to `AbstractInputHandler::bind()`
+-   Updated `InputHandlerInterface::bind()` and `validate()` methods to support flags
+
+## [1.1.4][]
+#### Fixed
+-   Fixed misnamed variable in `InputCollection::merge()`
+
+## [1.1.3][]
+#### Fixed
+-   Fixed logic bug that prevented `$index` and `$type` from being set in `InputCollection::append()`. This means replaceing items in an `InputCollection` now works as expected
+
+## [1.1.2][]
+#### Added
+-   Added `InputValidationFailedException` exception
+-   Added `InputTypeInterface::getDisplayName()` method to standardise how the name of an `InputTypeInterface` class wants to display it's name
+
+#### Changed
+-   Updated validation logic for inputs that have a validator, no default, and are not set
+-   Throwing `InputValidationFailedException` exception when validation fails
+-   Updated `RequiredInputMissingException` and `RequiredInputMissingValueException` exceptions to use `InputTypeInterface::getDisplayName()` when producing their message
+-   Removed unused `RequiredArgumentMissingException` exception
+
+## [1.1.1][]
+#### Changed
+-   `AbstractInputHandler::find()` returns NULL if it cannot find any input with the supplied name. It is easier to test for NULL than it is to catch an exception
+
+## [1.1.0][]
+#### Added
+-   Expanded input types to include `Flag`, `IncrementingFlag`, and `LongOption`
+-   Added `InputTypeFactory` to help with loading input type classes
+
+#### Changed
+-   Updated to work with more than just `Argument` and `Option` input types. Makes use of `InputTypeFactory` to allow addition of new types as needed
+
+## [1.0.2][]
+#### Changed
+-   Updated example to reflect changes to `manpage()` function in `pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli` package
+-   Refactoring and improvemnts to `Argument::__toString()` and `Option::__toString()`
+
+## [1.0.2][]
+#### Fixed
+-   Fixed `InputCollection::getArgumentsByIndex()` so it returns NULL if the index does not exist instead of throwing an E_NOTICE message
+
+## [1.0.1][]
+#### Changed
+-   Updated example to use `Cli\manpage()` provided by the `pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli` package
 
 ## 1.0.0
 #### Added
 -   Initial release
 
-[Unreleased]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-cli-input/compare/1.0.0...integration
+[1.2.2]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli/compare/1.2.1...1.2.2
+[1.2.1]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli/compare/1.2.0...1.2.1
+[1.2.0]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli/compare/1.1.4...1.2.0
+[1.1.4]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli/compare/1.1.3...1.1.4
+[1.1.3]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli/compare/1.1.2...1.1.3
+[1.1.2]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli/compare/1.1.1...1.1.2
+[1.1.1]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli/compare/1.1.0...1.1.1
+[1.1.0]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli/compare/1.0.3...1.1.0
+[1.0.3]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli/compare/1.0.2...1.0.3
+[1.0.2]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli/compare/1.0.1...1.0.2
+[1.0.1]: https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-functions-cli/compare/1.0.0...1.0.1

README.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # PHP Helpers: Command-line Input and Input Type Handlers
 
--   Version: v1.0.0
--   Date: May 20 2019
+-   Version: v1.2.2
+-   Date: Aug 06 2019
 -   [Release notes](https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-cli-input/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md)
 -   [GitHub repository](https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-cli-input)
 
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Collection of classes for handling argv (and other) input when calling command-l
 
 ## Installation
 
-This library is installed via [Composer](http://getcomposer.org/). To install, use `composer require pointybeard/helpers-cli-input` or add `"pointybeard/helpers-cli-input": "~1.0"` to your `composer.json` file.
+This library is installed via [Composer](http://getcomposer.org/). To install, use `composer require pointybeard/helpers-cli-input` or add `"pointybeard/helpers-cli-input": "~1.2.0"` to your `composer.json` file.
 
 And run composer to update your dependencies:
 

composer.json

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 {
     "name": "pointybeard/helpers-cli-input",
-    "version": "1.0.0",
     "description": "Collection of classes for handling argv (and other) input when calling command-line scripts. Helps with parsing, collecting and validating arguments, options, and flags.",
     "homepage": "https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-cli-input",
     "license": "MIT",
@@ -17,11 +16,6 @@
         "pointybeard/helpers-foundation-factory": "~1.0",
         "pointybeard/helpers-functions-flags": "~1.0"
     },
-    "require-dev": {
-        "phpunit/phpunit": "^8",
-        "pointybeard/helpers-functions-strings": "~1.0",
-        "pointybeard/helpers-cli-colour": "~1.0"
-    },
     "support": {
         "issues": "https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-cli-input/issues",
         "wiki": "https://github.com/pointybeard/helpers-cli-input/wiki"

example/example.php

@@ -4,146 +4,72 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 include __DIR__.'/../vendor/autoload.php';
 
 use pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input;
-use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Flags;
-use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Strings;
-use pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Colour\Colour;
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Cli;
 
 // Define what we are expecting to get from the command line
 $collection = (new Input\InputCollection())
-    ->append(new Input\Types\Argument(
-        'action',
-        Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_REQUIRED,
-        'The name of the action to perform'
-    ))
-    ->append(new Input\Types\Option(
-        'v',
-        null,
-        Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_OPTIONAL | Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_TYPE_INCREMENTING,
-        'verbosity level. -v (errors only), -vv (warnings and errors), -vvv (everything).',
-        null,
-        0
-    ))
-    ->append(new Input\Types\Option(
-        'd',
-        'data',
-        Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_OPTIONAL | Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_VALUE_REQUIRED,
-        'Path to the input JSON data',
-        function (Input\AbstractInputType $input, Input\AbstractInputHandler $context) {
-            // Make sure -d (--data) is a valid file that can be read
-            $file = $context->getOption('d');
+    ->add(
+        Input\InputTypeFactory::build('Argument')
+            ->name('action')
+            ->flags(Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_REQUIRED)
+            ->description('The name of the action to perform')
+    )
+    ->add(
+        Input\InputTypeFactory::build('IncrementingFlag')
+            ->name('v')
+            ->flags(Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_OPTIONAL | Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_TYPE_INCREMENTING)
+            ->description('verbosity level. -v (errors only), -vv (warnings and errors), -vvv (everything).')
+            ->validator(new Input\Validator(
+                function (Input\AbstractInputType $input, Input\AbstractInputHandler $context) {
+                    // Make sure verbosity level never goes above 3
+                    return min(3, (int) $context->find('v'));
+                }
+            ))
+    )
+    ->add(
+        Input\InputTypeFactory::build('LongOption')
+            ->name('data')
+            ->short('d')
+            ->flags(Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_OPTIONAL | Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_VALUE_REQUIRED)
+            ->description('Path to the input JSON data')
+            ->validator(new Input\Validator(
+                function (Input\AbstractInputType $input, Input\AbstractInputHandler $context) {
+                    // Make sure -d (--data) is a valid file that can be read
+                    $file = $context->find('data');
 
-            if (!is_readable($file)) {
-                throw new \Exception('The file specified via option -d (--data) does not exist or is not readable.');
-            }
+                    if (!is_readable($file)) {
+                        throw new \Exception('The file specified via option --data does not exist or is not readable.');
+                    }
 
-            // Now make sure it is valid JSON
-            try {
-                $json = json_decode(file_get_contents($file), false, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
-            } catch (JsonException $ex) {
-                throw new \Exception(sprintf('The file specified via option -d (--data) does not appear to be a valid JSON ddocument. Returned: %s: %s', $ex->getCode(), $ex->getMessage()));
-            }
+                    // Now make sure it is valid JSON
+                    try {
+                        $json = json_decode(file_get_contents($file), false, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
+                    } catch (JsonException $ex) {
+                        throw new \Exception(sprintf('The file specified via option --data does not appear to be a valid JSON ddocument. Returned: %s: %s', $ex->getCode(), $ex->getMessage()));
+                    }
 
-            return $json;
-        }
-    ))
+                    return $json;
+                }
+            ))
+    )
 ;
 
 // Get the supplied input. Passing the collection will make the handler bind values
 // and validate the input according to our collection
-$argv = Input\InputHandlerFactory::build('Argv', $collection);
-
-// Example of using an input collection to generate a usage string
-function usage(Input\InputCollection $collection): string {
-    $arguments = [];
-    foreach ($collection->getArguments() as $a) {
-        $arguments[] = strtoupper(
-            // Wrap with square brackets if it's not required
-            Flags\is_flag_set(Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_OPTIONAL, $a->flags()) ||
-            !Flags\is_flag_set(Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_REQUIRED, $a->flags())
-                ? "[{$a->name()}]"
-                : $a->name()
-        );
-    }
-    $arguments = trim(implode($arguments, ' '));
-    return sprintf(
-        "Usage: php -f example.php -- [OPTIONS]... %s%s",
-        $arguments,
-        strlen($arguments) > 0 ? '...' : ''
-    );
+try {
+    $argv = Input\InputHandlerFactory::build('Argv', $collection);
+} catch (\Exception $ex) {
+    echo 'Error when attempting to bind values to collection. Returned: '.$ex->getMessage().PHP_EOL;
+    exit;
 }
 
-// Example of using an input collection to generate a manual page
-function manpage(Input\InputCollection $collection) : string {
-
-    $arguments = $options = [];
-
-    foreach ($collection->getArguments() as $a) {
-        $arguments[] = (string) $a;
-    }
-
-    foreach ($collection->getOptions() as $o) {
-        $options[] = (string) $o;
-    }
-
-    $arguments = implode($arguments, PHP_EOL.'  ');
-    $options = implode($options, PHP_EOL.'  ');
-
-    return sprintf('%s 1.0.0, %s
-%s
-
-Mandatory values for long options are mandatory for short options too.
-
-Arguments:
-  %s
-
-Options:
-  %s
-
-Examples:
-  php -f example/example.php -- -vvv -d example/example.json import
-',
-        basename(__FILE__),
-        Strings\utf8_wordwrap(
-            "An example script for the PHP Helpers: Command-line Input and Input Type Handlers composer library (pointybeard/helpers-cli-input)."
-        ),
-        usage($collection),
-        $arguments,
-        $options
-    );
-}
-
-// Display the manual in green text
-echo Colour::colourise(manpage($collection), Colour::FG_GREEN) . PHP_EOL . PHP_EOL;
-
-/*
-example.php 1.0.0, An example script for the PHP Helpers: Command-line Input and Input Type Handlers
-composer library (pointybeard/helpers-cli-input).
-Usage: php -f example.php -- [OPTIONS]... ACTION...
-
-Mandatory values for long options are mandatory for short options too.
-
-Arguments:
-  ACTION              The name of the action to perform
-
-Options:
-  -v                                  verbosity level. -v (errors only), -vv (warnings
-                                      and errors), -vvv (everything).
-  -d, --data=VALUE                    Path to the input JSON data
-
-Examples:
-  php -f example/example.php -- -vvv -d example/example.json import
-*/
-
-var_dump($argv->getArgument('action'));
+var_dump($argv->find('action'));
 // string(6) "import"
 
-var_dump($argv->getOption('v'));
+var_dump($argv->find('v'));
 //int(3)
 
-var_dump($argv->getOption('s'));
-//bool(true)
-
-var_dump($argv->getOption('d'));
+var_dump($argv->find('data'));
 // class stdClass#11 (1) {
 //   public $fruit =>
 //   array(2) {
@@ -153,3 +79,6 @@ var_dump($argv->getOption('d'));
 //     string(6) "banana"
 //   }
 // }
+
+var_dump($argv->find('nope-doesnt-exist'));
+// NULL

src/Input/AbstractInputHandler.php

@@ -5,26 +5,49 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input;
 
 use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Flags;
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Debug;
 
 abstract class AbstractInputHandler implements Interfaces\InputHandlerInterface
 {
-    protected $options = [];
-    protected $arguments = [];
+    /**
+     * Will skip all validation when bind() is executed. Ignores all other flags
+     * @var integer
+     */
+    const FLAG_BIND_SKIP_VALIDATION = 0x0001;
+
+    /**
+     * Will skip the required input and required values check
+     * @var integer
+     */
+    const FLAG_VALIDATION_SKIP_REQUIRED = 0x0002;
+
+    /**
+     * Will skip running custom validators
+     * @var integer
+     */
+    const FLAG_VALIDATION_SKIP_CUSTOM = 0x0004;
+
+    /**
+     * Will skip checking if an input is in the collection
+     * @var integer
+     */
+    const FLAG_VALIDATION_SKIP_UNRECOGNISED = 0x0008;
+
+    protected $input = [];
     protected $collection = null;
 
     abstract protected function parse(): bool;
 
-    public function bind(InputCollection $inputCollection, bool $skipValidation = false): bool
+    final public function bind(InputCollection $inputCollection, ?int $flags = null): bool
     {
         // Do the binding stuff here
-        $this->options = [];
-        $this->arguments = [];
+        $this->input = [];
         $this->collection = $inputCollection;
 
         $this->parse();
 
-        if (true !== $skipValidation) {
-            $this->validate();
+        if (!Flags\is_flag_set($flags, self::FLAG_BIND_SKIP_VALIDATION)) {
+            $this->validate($flags);
         }
 
         return true;
@@ -41,76 +64,86 @@ abstract class AbstractInputHandler implements Interfaces\InputHandlerInterface
         }
     }
 
-    public function validate(): void
-    {
-        // Do basic missing option and value checking here
-        foreach ($this->collection->getOptions() as $input) {
-            self::checkRequiredAndRequiredValue($input, $this->options);
+    protected function validateInput(AbstractInputType $input, ?int $flags) {
+        if(!Flags\is_flag_set($flags, self::FLAG_VALIDATION_SKIP_REQUIRED)) {
+            self::checkRequiredAndRequiredValue($input, $this->input);
         }
+        // There is a default value and input has not been set. Assign the
+        // default value to the result.
+        if (
+            null !== $input->default() &&
+            null === $this->find($input->name())
+        ) {
+            $result = $input->default();
 
-        // Option validation.
-        foreach ($this->collection->getoptions() as $o) {
-            $result = false;
+        // Input has been set AND it has a validator. Run the validator over the
+        // input. Note, this will be skipped if FLAG_VALIDATION_SKIP_CUSTOM is
+        // set
+        } elseif (null !== $this->find($input->name()) && null !== $input->validator() && !Flags\is_flag_set($flags, self::FLAG_VALIDATION_SKIP_CUSTOM)) {
+            $validator = $input->validator();
 
-            if (!array_key_exists($o->name(), $this->options)) {
-                $result = $o->default();
-            } else {
-                if (null === $o->validator()) {
-                    $result = $o->default();
-                    continue;
-                } elseif ($o->validator() instanceof \Closure) {
-                    $validator = new Validator($o->validator());
-                } elseif ($o->validator() instanceof Validator) {
-                    $validator = $o->validator();
-                } else {
-                    throw new \Exception("Validator for option {$o->name()}  must be NULL or an instance of either Closure or Input\Validator.");
-                }
-
-                $result = $validator->validate($o, $this);
+            if ($validator instanceof \Closure) {
+                $validator = new Validator($validator);
+            } elseif (!($validator instanceof Validator)) {
+                throw new \Exception("Validator for '{$input->name()}' must be NULL or an instance of either Closure or Input\Validator.");
             }
 
-            $this->options[$o->name()] = $result;
+            try {
+                $result = $validator->validate($input, $this);
+            } catch (\Exception $ex) {
+                throw new Exceptions\InputValidationFailedException($input, 0, $ex);
+            }
+
+        // No default, but may or may not have been set so assign whatever value
+        // it might have to the result
+        } else {
+            $result = $this->find($input->name());
         }
 
-        // Argument validation.
-        foreach ($this->collection->getArguments() as $a) {
-            self::checkRequiredAndRequiredValue($a, $this->arguments);
+        return $result;
+    }
 
-            if (isset($this->arguments[$a->name()]) && null !== $a->validator()) {
-                if ($a->validator() instanceof \Closure) {
-                    $validator = new Validator($a->validator());
-                } elseif ($a->validator() instanceof Validator) {
-                    $validator = $a->validator();
-                } else {
-                    throw new \Exception("Validator for argument {$a->name()} must be NULL or an instance of either Closure or Input\Validator.");
+    protected function isInputRecognised(string $name): bool {
+        return null === $this->collection->find($name) ? false : true;
+    }
+
+    final public function validate(?int $flags = null): void
+    {
+        if(!Flags\is_flag_set($flags, self::FLAG_VALIDATION_SKIP_UNRECOGNISED)) {
+            foreach($this->input as $name => $value) {
+                if(false == static::isInputRecognised((string)$name)) {
+                    throw new Exceptions\UnrecognisedInputException("'{$name}' is not recognised");
                 }
-
-                $validator->validate($a, $this);
             }
         }
+
+        foreach ($this->collection->getItems() as $input) {
+            $this->input[$input->name()] = static::validateInput($input, $flags);
+        }
     }
 
-    public function getArgument(string $name): ?string
+    final public function find(string $name)
     {
-        return $this->arguments[$name] ?? null;
+        if (isset($this->input[$name])) {
+            return $this->input[$name];
+        }
+
+        // Check the collection to see if anything responds to $name
+        foreach ($this->collection->getItems() as $item) {
+            if ($item->respondsTo($name) && isset($this->input[$item->name()])) {
+                return $this->input[$item->name()];
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
     }
 
-    public function getOption(string $name)
+    final public function getInput(): array
     {
-        return $this->options[$name] ?? null;
+        return $this->input;
     }
 
-    public function getArguments(): array
-    {
-        return $this->arguments;
-    }
-
-    public function getOptions(): array
-    {
-        return $this->options;
-    }
-
-    public function getCollection(): ?InputCollection
+    final public function getCollection(): ?InputCollection
     {
         return $this->collection;
     }

src/Input/AbstractInputType.php

@@ -12,22 +12,40 @@ abstract class AbstractInputType implements Interfaces\InputTypeInterface
     protected $flags;
     protected $description;
     protected $validator;
+    protected $default;
 
     protected $value;
 
-    public function __construct($name, int $flags = null, string $description = null, object $validator = null)
+    public function __construct(string $name = null, int $flags = null, string $description = null, object $validator = null, $default = null)
     {
         $this->name = $name;
         $this->flags = $flags;
         $this->description = $description;
         $this->validator = $validator;
+        $this->default = $default;
     }
 
     public function __call($name, array $args = [])
+    {
+        if (empty($args)) {
+            return $this->$name;
+        }
+
+        $this->$name = $args[0];
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function __get($name)
     {
         return $this->$name;
     }
 
+    public function respondsTo(string $name): bool
+    {
+        return $name == $this->name;
+    }
+
     public function getType(): string
     {
         return strtolower((new \ReflectionClass(static::class))->getShortName());

src/Input/Exceptions/InputNotFoundException.php

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 
 namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\Exceptions;
 
-class InputHandlerNotFoundException extends \Exception
+class InputNotFoundException extends \Exception
 {
-    public function __construct(string $handler, string $command, $code = 0, \Exception $previous = null)
+    public function __construct(string $name, $code = 0, \Exception $previous = null)
     {
-        return parent::__construct(sprintf('The input handler %s could not be located.', $handler), $code, $previous);
+        return parent::__construct(sprintf('Input %s could not be found.', $name), $code, $previous);
     }
 }

src/Input/Exceptions/InputValidationFailedException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\Exceptions;
+
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\AbstractInputType;
+
+class InputValidationFailedException extends \Exception
+{
+    public function __construct(AbstractInputType $input, $code = 0, \Exception $previous = null)
+    {
+        return parent::__construct(sprintf('Validation failed for %s. Returned: %s', $input->getDisplayName(), $previous->getMessage()), $code, $previous);
+    }
+}

src/Input/Exceptions/RequiredArgumentMissingException.php

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-declare(strict_types=1);
-
-namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\Exceptions;
-
-class RequiredArgumentMissingException extends \Exception
-{
-    private $argument;
-
-    public function __construct(string $argument, $code = 0, \Exception $previous = null)
-    {
-        $this->argument = strtoupper($argument);
-
-        return parent::__construct("missing argument {$this->argument}.", $code, $previous);
-    }
-
-    public function getArgumentName(): string
-    {
-        return $this->argument;
-    }
-}

src/Input/Exceptions/RequiredInputMissingException.php

@@ -15,10 +15,8 @@ class RequiredInputMissingException extends \Exception
         $this->input = $input;
 
         return parent::__construct(sprintf(
-            'missing %s %s%s',
-            $input->getType(),
-            'option' == $input->getType() ? '-' : '',
-            'option' == $input->getType() ? $input->name() : strtoupper($input->name())
+            'missing %s',
+            $input->getDisplayName()
         ), $code, $previous);
     }
 

src/Input/Exceptions/RequiredInputMissingValueException.php

@@ -15,10 +15,8 @@ class RequiredInputMissingValueException extends \Exception
         $this->input = $input;
 
         return parent::__construct(sprintf(
-            '%s %s%s is missing a value',
-            $input->getType(),
-            'option' == $input->getType() ? '-' : '',
-            'option' == $input->getType() ? $input->name() : strtoupper($input->name())
+            'a value is required for %s',
+            $input->getDisplayName()
         ), $code, $previous);
     }
 

src/Input/Exceptions/UnrecognisedInputException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\Exceptions;
+
+class UnrecognisedInputException extends \Exception
+{
+}

src/Input/Handlers/Argv.php

@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@
 declare(strict_types=1);
 
 namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\Handlers;
-
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\Exceptions;
 use pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input;
 use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Flags;
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Debug;
 
 class Argv extends Input\AbstractInputHandler
 {
@@ -61,12 +62,35 @@ class Argv extends Input\AbstractInputHandler
         return $result;
     }
 
+    protected function findOptionInCollection(string $name): ?Input\AbstractInputType
+    {
+        $option = $this->collection->find($name);
+        if(!($option instanceof Input\AbstractInputType)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return $option;
+    }
+
+    protected function findArgumentInCollection(int $index, string $token): ?Input\AbstractInputType
+    {
+        $arguments = $this->collection->getItemsByType('Argument');
+        $position = 0;
+        foreach($arguments as $a) {
+            if($position == $index) {
+                return $a;
+            }
+            $position++;
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
     protected function parse(): bool
     {
-        // So some parsing here.
         $it = new \ArrayIterator($this->argv);
 
         $position = 0;
+        $argumentCount = 0;
 
         while ($it->valid()) {
             $token = $it->current();
@@ -82,9 +106,9 @@ class Argv extends Input\AbstractInputHandler
                         $value = true;
                     }
 
-                    $o = $this->collection->findOption($name);
+                    $o = $this->findOptionInCollection($name);
 
-                    $this->options[
+                    $this->input[
                         $o instanceof Input\AbstractInputType
                             ? $o->name()
                             : $name
@@ -98,14 +122,14 @@ class Argv extends Input\AbstractInputHandler
                     // Determine if we're expecting a value.
                     // It also might have a long option equivalent, so we need
                     // to look for that too.
-                    $o = $this->collection->findOption($name);
+                    $o = $this->findOptionInCollection($name);
 
                     // This could also be an incrementing value
                     // and needs to be added up. E.g. e.g. -vvv or -v -v -v
                     // would be -v => 3
                     if ($o instanceof Input\AbstractInputType && Flags\is_flag_set($o->flags(), Input\AbstractInputType::FLAG_TYPE_INCREMENTING)) {
-                        $value = isset($this->options[$name])
-                            ? $this->options[$name] + 1
+                        $value = isset($this->input[$name])
+                            ? $this->input[$name] + 1
                             : 1
                         ;
 
@@ -128,7 +152,7 @@ class Argv extends Input\AbstractInputHandler
                         }
                     }
 
-                    $this->options[
+                    $this->input[
                         $o instanceof Input\AbstractInputType
                             ? $o->name()
                             : $name
@@ -141,12 +165,14 @@ class Argv extends Input\AbstractInputHandler
                     // Arguments are positional, so we need to keep a track
                     // of the index and look at the collection for an argument
                     // with the same index
-                    $a = $this->collection->getArgumentsByIndex(count($this->arguments));
-                    $this->arguments[
+                    $a = $this->findArgumentInCollection($argumentCount, $token);
+
+                    $this->input[
                         $a instanceof Input\AbstractInputType
                             ? $a->name()
-                            : count($this->arguments)
+                            : $argumentCount
                     ] = $token;
+                    ++$argumentCount;
                     break;
             }
             $it->next();

src/Input/InputCollection.php

@@ -4,116 +4,150 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 
 namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input;
 
-class InputCollection
+class InputCollection implements \Iterator, \Countable
 {
-    private $arguments = [];
-    private $options = [];
+    private $items = [];
+    private $position = 0;
+
+    public const POSITION_APPEND = 0x0001;
+    public const POSITION_PREPEND = 0x0002;
 
     // Prevents the class from being instanciated
     public function __construct()
     {
+        $this->position = 0;
     }
 
-    public function append(Interfaces\InputTypeInterface $input, bool $replace = false): self
+    public function current(): mixed
     {
-        $class = new \ReflectionClass($input);
-        $this->{'append'.$class->getShortName()}($input, $replace);
+        return $this->items[$this->position];
+    }
+
+    public function key(): scalar
+    {
+        return $this->position;
+    }
+
+    public function next(): void
+    {
+        ++$this->position;
+    }
+
+    public function rewind(): void
+    {
+        $this->position = 0;
+    }
+
+    public function valid(): bool
+    {
+        return isset($this->items[$this->position]);
+    }
+
+    public function count() : int {
+        return count($this->items);
+    }
+
+    public function exists(string $name, &$index=null): bool {
+        return (null !== $this->find($name, null, null, $index));
+    }
+
+    public function remove(string $name): self {
+        if(!$this->exists($name, $index)) {
+            throw new \Exception("Input '{$name}' does not exist in this collection");
+        }
+        unset($this->items[$index]);
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function add(Interfaces\InputTypeInterface $input, bool $replace = false, int $position=self::POSITION_APPEND): self
+    {
+        if($this->exists($input->name(), $index) && !$replace) {
+            throw new \Exception(
+                (new \ReflectionClass($input))->getShortName()." '{$input->name()}' already exists in this collection"
+            );
+        }
+
+        if (true == $replace && null !== $index) {
+            $this->items[$index] = $input;
+        } else {
+            if($position == self::POSITION_PREPEND) {
+                array_unshift($this->items, $input);
+            } else {
+                array_push($this->items, $input);
+            }
+        }
 
         return $this;
     }
 
-    public function findArgument(string $name, ?int &$index = null): ?AbstractInputType
+    public function find(string $name, array $restrictToType = null, array $excludeType = null, &$index = null): ?AbstractInputType
     {
-        foreach ($this->arguments as $index => $a) {
-            if ($a->name() == $name) {
-                return $a;
+        foreach ($this->items as $index => $input) {
+            // Check if we're restricting to or excluding specific types
+            if (null !== $restrictToType && !in_array($input->getType(), $restrictToType)) {
+                continue;
+            } elseif (null !== $excludeType && in_array($input->getType(), $excludeType)) {
+                continue;
             }
+
+            if ($input->respondsTo($name)) {
+                return $input;
+            }
+
         }
-
         $index = null;
-
         return null;
     }
 
-    public function findOption(string $name, ?int &$index = null): ?AbstractInputType
+    public function getTypes(): array
     {
-        $type = 1 == strlen($name) ? 'name' : 'long';
-
-        foreach ($this->options as $index => $o) {
-            if ($o->$type() == $name) {
-                return $o;
-            }
+        $types = [];
+        foreach($this->items as $input) {
+            $types[] = $input->getType();
         }
-
-        $index = null;
-
-        return null;
+        return array_unique($types);
     }
 
-    private function appendArgument(Interfaces\InputTypeInterface $argument, bool $replace = false): void
+    public function getItems(): \Iterator
     {
-        if (null !== $this->findArgument($argument->name(), $index) && !$replace) {
-            throw new \Exception("Argument {$argument->name()} already exists in collection");
-        }
-
-        if (true == $replace && null !== $index) {
-            $this->arguments[$index] = $argument;
-        } else {
-            $this->arguments[] = $argument;
-        }
+        return (new \ArrayObject($this->items))->getIterator();
     }
 
-    private function appendOption(Interfaces\InputTypeInterface $option, bool $replace = false): void
+    public function getItemsByType(string $type): \Iterator
     {
-        if (null !== $this->findOption($option->name(), $index) && !$replace) {
-            throw new \Exception("Option -{$option->name()} already exists in collection");
-        }
-        if (true == $replace && null !== $index) {
-            $this->options[$index] = $option;
-        } else {
-            $this->options[] = $option;
-        }
+        return new InputTypeFilterIterator(
+            $this->getItems(),
+            [$type],
+            InputTypeFilterIterator::FILTER_INCLUDE
+        );
     }
 
-    public function getArgumentsByIndex(int $index): ?AbstractInputType
+    public function getItemsExcludeByType(string $type): \Iterator
     {
-        return $this->arguments[$index];
+        return new InputTypeFilterIterator(
+            $this->getItems(),
+            [$type],
+            InputTypeFilterIterator::FILTER_EXCLUDE
+        );
     }
 
-    public function getArguments(): array
+    public function getItemByIndex(int $index): ?AbstractInputType
     {
-        return $this->arguments;
-    }
-
-    public function getOptions(): array
-    {
-        return $this->options;
+        return $this->items[$index] ?? null;
     }
 
     public static function merge(self ...$collections): self
     {
-        $arguments = [];
-        $options = [];
 
+        $iterator = new \AppendIterator;
         foreach ($collections as $c) {
-            $arguments = array_merge($arguments, $c->getArguments());
-            $options = array_merge($options, $c->getOptions());
+            $iterator->append($c->getItems());
         }
 
         $mergedCollection = new self();
-
-        $it = new \AppendIterator();
-        $it->append(new \ArrayIterator($arguments));
-        $it->append(new \ArrayIterator($options));
-
-        foreach ($it as $input) {
-            try {
-                $mergedCollection->append($input, true);
-            } catch (\Exception $ex) {
-                // Already exists, so skip it.
-            }
+        foreach ($iterator as $input) {
+            $mergedCollection->add($input, true);
         }
-
         return $mergedCollection;
     }
 }

src/Input/InputHandlerFactory.php

@@ -9,32 +9,37 @@ use pointybeard\Helpers\Foundation\Factory;
 
 final class InputHandlerFactory extends Factory\AbstractFactory
 {
-    const FLAG_SKIP_VALIDATION = 0x0001;
-
-    public static function getTemplateNamespace(): string
+    public function getTemplateNamespace(): string
     {
         return __NAMESPACE__.'\\Handlers\\%s';
     }
 
-    public static function getExpectedClassType(): ?string
+    public function getExpectedClassType(): ?string
     {
         return __NAMESPACE__.'\\Interfaces\\InputHandlerInterface';
     }
 
-    public static function build(string $name, InputCollection $collection = null, int $flags = null): Interfaces\InputHandlerInterface
+    public static function build(string $name, ...$arguments): object
     {
+
+        // Since passing flags is optional, we can use array_pad
+        // to ensure there are always at least 2 elements in $arguments
+        [$collection, $flags] = array_pad($arguments, 2, null);
+
+        $factory = new self;
+
         try {
-            $handler = self::instanciate(
-                self::generateTargetClassName($name)
+            $handler = $factory->instanciate(
+                $factory->generateTargetClassName($name)
             );
         } catch (\Exception $ex) {
             throw new Exceptions\UnableToLoadInputHandlerException($name, 0, $ex);
         }
 
-        if ($collection instanceof InputCollection) {
+        if (null !== $collection) {
             $handler->bind(
                 $collection,
-                Flags\is_flag_set($flags, self::FLAG_SKIP_VALIDATION)
+                $flags
             );
         }
 

src/Input/InputTypeFactory.php

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input;
+
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Foundation\Factory;
+
+final class InputTypeFactory extends Factory\AbstractFactory
+{
+    public function getTemplateNamespace(): string
+    {
+        return __NAMESPACE__.'\\Types\\%s';
+    }
+
+    public function getExpectedClassType(): ?string
+    {
+        return __NAMESPACE__.'\\Interfaces\\InputTypeInterface';
+    }
+}

src/Input/InputTypeFilterIterator.php

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input;
+
+class InputTypeFilterIterator extends \FilterIterator {
+
+    private $types;
+    private $mode;
+
+    public const FILTER_INCLUDE = 0x0001;
+    public const FILTER_EXCLUDE = 0x0002;
+
+    public function __construct(\Iterator $iterator, array $types=[], int $mode=self::FILTER_INCLUDE)
+    {
+        parent::__construct($iterator);
+
+        $this->types = array_map('strtolower', $types);
+        $this->mode = $mode;
+
+    }
+    public function accept()
+    {
+        $input = $this->getInnerIterator()->current();
+
+        switch($this->mode) {
+            case self::FILTER_EXCLUDE:
+                return !in_array($input->getType(), $this->types);
+                break;
+
+            case self::FILTER_INCLUDE:
+            default:
+                return in_array($input->getType(), $this->types);
+                break;
+
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Input/Interfaces/InputHandlerInterface.php

@@ -8,19 +8,13 @@ use pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input;
 
 interface InputHandlerInterface
 {
-    public function bind(Input\InputCollection $inputCollection, bool $skipValidation = false): bool;
+    public function bind(Input\InputCollection $inputCollection, ?int $flags = null): bool;
 
-    public function validate(): void;
+    public function validate(?int $flags = null): void;
 
-    public function getArgument(string $name): ?string;
+    public function find(string $name);
 
-    // note that the return value of getOption() isn't always going to be
-    // a string like getArgument()
-    public function getOption(string $name);
-
-    public function getArguments(): array;
-
-    public function getOptions(): array;
+    public function getInput(): array;
 
     public function getCollection(): ?Input\InputCollection;
 }

src/Input/Interfaces/InputTypeInterface.php

@@ -16,4 +16,10 @@ interface InputTypeInterface
     const FLAG_TYPE_INCREMENTING = 0x0400;
 
     public function getType(): string;
+
+    public function respondsTo(string $name): bool;
+
+    public function __toString(): string;
+
+    public function getDisplayName(): string;
 }

src/Input/Types/Argument.php

@@ -6,20 +6,72 @@ namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\Types;
 
 use pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input;
 use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Strings;
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Cli;
 
 class Argument extends Input\AbstractInputType
 {
-    public function __toString()
+    public function __construct(string $name = null, int $flags = null, string $description = null, object $validator = null, $default = null)
     {
-        $name = strtoupper($this->name());
-
-        $first = str_pad(sprintf('%s    ', $name), 20, ' ');
-
-        $second = Strings\utf8_wordwrap_array($this->description(), 40);
-        for ($ii = 1; $ii < count($second); ++$ii) {
-            $second[$ii] = str_pad('', 22, ' ', \STR_PAD_LEFT).$second[$ii];
+        if (null === $validator) {
+            $validator = function (Input\AbstractInputType $input, Input\AbstractInputHandler $context) {
+                // This dummy validator is necessary otherwise the argument
+                // value is ALWAYS set to default (most often NULL) regardless
+                // of if the argument was set or not
+                return $context->find($input->name());
+            };
         }
 
-        return $first.implode($second, PHP_EOL);
+        parent::__construct($name, $flags, $description, $validator, $default);
+    }
+
+    public function getDisplayName(): string
+    {
+        return strtoupper($this->name());
+    }
+
+    public function __toString(): string
+    {
+        // MAGIC VALUES!!! OH MY.....
+        $padCharacter = ' ';
+        $paddingBufferSize = 0.15; // 15%
+        $argumentNamePaddedWidth = 20;
+        $argumentNameMinimumPaddingWidth = 4;
+        $minimumWindowWidth = 80;
+
+        // Get the window dimensions but restrict width to minimum
+        // of $minimumWindowWidth
+        $window = Cli\get_window_size();
+        $window['cols'] = max($minimumWindowWidth, $window['cols']);
+
+        // This shrinks the total line length (derived by the window width) by
+        // $paddingBufferSize
+        $paddingBuffer = (int) ceil($window['cols'] * $paddingBufferSize);
+
+        // Create a string of $padCharacter which is prepended to each secondary
+        // line
+        $secondaryLineLeadPadding = str_pad(
+            '',
+            $argumentNamePaddedWidth,
+            $padCharacter,
+            STR_PAD_LEFT
+        );
+
+        $first = Strings\mb_str_pad(
+            $this->getDisplayName().str_repeat($padCharacter, $argumentNameMinimumPaddingWidth),
+            $argumentNamePaddedWidth,
+            $padCharacter
+        );
+
+        $second = Strings\utf8_wordwrap_array(
+            $this->description(),
+            $window['cols'] - $argumentNamePaddedWidth - $paddingBuffer
+        );
+
+        // Skip the first item (notice $ii starts at value of '1')
+        for ($ii = 1; $ii < count($second); ++$ii) {
+            $second[$ii] = $secondaryLineLeadPadding.$second[$ii];
+        }
+
+        return $first.implode(PHP_EOL, $second);
     }
 }

src/Input/Types/Flag.php

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\Types;
+
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Flags;
+
+class Flag extends Option
+{
+    public function __construct(string $name = null, int $flags = null, string $description = null, object $validator = null, $default = false)
+    {
+        if (Flags\is_flag_set($flags, self::FLAG_VALUE_REQUIRED) || Flags\is_flag_set($flags, self::FLAG_VALUE_OPTIONAL)) {
+            throw new \Exception('The flags FLAG_VALUE_REQUIRED and FLAG_VALUE_OPTIONAL cannot be used on an input of type Flag');
+        }
+        parent::__construct($name, null, $flags, $description, $validator, $default);
+    }
+}

src/Input/Types/IncrementingFlag.php

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\Types;
+
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Flags;
+
+class IncrementingFlag extends Flag
+{
+    public function __construct(string $name = null, int $flags = null, string $description = null, object $validator = null, $default = 0)
+    {
+        if (Flags\is_flag_set($flags, self::FLAG_TYPE_INCREMENTING)) {
+            $flags = $flags | self::FLAG_TYPE_INCREMENTING;
+        }
+        parent::__construct($name, null, $flags, $description, $validator, $default);
+    }
+}

src/Input/Types/LongOption.php

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\Types;
+
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Flags;
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Strings;
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Cli;
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input;
+
+class LongOption extends Input\AbstractInputType
+{
+    protected $short;
+
+    public function __construct(string $name = null, string $short = null, int $flags = null, string $description = null, object $validator = null, $default = false)
+    {
+        $this->short = $short;
+        parent::__construct($name, $flags, $description, $validator, $default);
+    }
+
+    public function respondsTo(string $name): bool
+    {
+        return $name == $this->name || $name == $this->short;
+    }
+
+    public function getDisplayName(): string
+    {
+        $short =
+            null !== $this->short()
+            ? '-'.$this->short().', '
+            : null
+        ;
+
+        return sprintf('%s--%s', $short, $this->name());
+    }
+
+    public function __toString(): string
+    {
+        // MAGIC VALUES!!! OH MY.....
+        $padCharacter = ' ';
+        $paddingBufferSize = 0.15; // 15%
+        $optionNamePaddedWidth = 30;
+        $minimumWindowWidth = 80;
+        $secondaryLineIndentlength = 2;
+
+        // Get the window dimensions but restrict width to minimum
+        // of $minimumWindowWidth
+        $window = Cli\get_window_size();
+        $window['cols'] = max($minimumWindowWidth, $window['cols']);
+
+        // This shrinks the total line length (derived by the window width) by
+        // $paddingBufferSize
+        $paddingBuffer = (int) ceil($window['cols'] * $paddingBufferSize);
+
+        // Create a string of $padCharacter which is prepended to each secondary
+        // line
+        $secondaryLineLeadPadding = str_pad(
+            '',
+            $optionNamePaddedWidth,
+            $padCharacter,
+            STR_PAD_LEFT
+        );
+
+        $long = $this->getDisplayName();
+        if (Flags\is_flag_set($this->flags(), self::FLAG_VALUE_REQUIRED)) {
+            $long .= '=VALUE';
+        } elseif (Flags\is_flag_set($this->flags(), self::FLAG_VALUE_OPTIONAL)) {
+            $long .= '[=VALUE]';
+        }
+
+        $first = Strings\mb_str_pad(
+            $long, // -O, --LONG,
+            $optionNamePaddedWidth,
+            $padCharacter
+        );
+
+        $second = Strings\utf8_wordwrap_array(
+            $this->description(),
+            $window['cols'] - $optionNamePaddedWidth - $paddingBuffer
+        );
+
+        for ($ii = 1; $ii < count($second); ++$ii) {
+            $second[$ii] = $secondaryLineLeadPadding.$second[$ii];
+        }
+
+        return $first.implode(PHP_EOL, $second);
+    }
+}

src/Input/Types/Option.php

@@ -4,37 +4,57 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 
 namespace pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input\Types;
 
-use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Flags;
 use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Strings;
+use pointybeard\Helpers\Functions\Cli;
 use pointybeard\Helpers\Cli\Input;
 
 class Option extends Input\AbstractInputType
 {
-    protected $long;
-    protected $default;
-
-    public function __construct(string $name, string $long = null, int $flags = null, string $description = null, object $validator = null, $default = false)
+    public function getDisplayName(): string
     {
-        $this->default = $default;
-        $this->long = $long;
-        parent::__construct($name, $flags, $description, $validator);
+        return '-'.$this->name();
     }
 
-    public function __toString()
+    public function __toString(): string
     {
-        $long = null !== $this->long() ? ', --'.$this->long() : null;
-        if (null != $long) {
-            if (Flags\is_flag_set($this->flags(), self::FLAG_VALUE_REQUIRED)) {
-                $long .= '=VALUE';
-            } elseif (Flags\is_flag_set($this->flags(), self::FLAG_VALUE_OPTIONAL)) {
-                $long .= '[=VALUE]';
-            }
-        }
-        $first = str_pad(sprintf('-%s%s    ', $this->name(), $long), 36, ' ');
+        // MAGIC VALUES!!! OH MY.....
+        $padCharacter = ' ';
+        $paddingBufferSize = 0.15; // 15%
+        $optionNamePaddedWidth = 30;
+        $minimumWindowWidth = 80;
+        $secondaryLineIndentlength = 2;
+
+        // Get the window dimensions but restrict width to minimum
+        // of $minimumWindowWidth
+        $window = Cli\get_window_size();
+        $window['cols'] = max($minimumWindowWidth, $window['cols']);
+
+        // This shrinks the total line length (derived by the window width) by
+        // $paddingBufferSize
+        $paddingBuffer = (int) ceil($window['cols'] * $paddingBufferSize);
+
+        // Create a string of $padCharacter which is prepended to each secondary
+        // line
+        $secondaryLineLeadPadding = str_pad(
+            '',
+            $optionNamePaddedWidth,
+            $padCharacter,
+            STR_PAD_LEFT
+        );
+
+        $first = Strings\mb_str_pad(
+            $this->getDisplayName(),
+            $optionNamePaddedWidth,
+            $padCharacter
+        );
+
+        $second = Strings\utf8_wordwrap_array(
+            $this->description(),
+            $window['cols'] - $optionNamePaddedWidth - $paddingBuffer
+        );
 
-        $second = Strings\utf8_wordwrap_array($this->description(), 40);
         for ($ii = 1; $ii < count($second); ++$ii) {
-            $second[$ii] = str_pad('', 38, ' ', \STR_PAD_LEFT).$second[$ii];
+            $second[$ii] = $secondaryLineLeadPadding.$second[$ii];
         }
 
         return $first.implode($second, PHP_EOL);